Sexually transmitted diseases are infections passed from one person to another through vaginal, anal, or oral sex. It is also known as sexually transmitted infection (STI) or venereal disease (VD). Bacteria, viruses, and parasites cause sexually transmitted diseases. The major sexually transmitted diseases are Chlamydia, human papillomavirus, syphilis, trichomoniasis, genital herpes, gonorrhea, and Chlamydia. Risk factors such as age also trigger to have sexually transmitted diseases. These diseases damage our reproductive system rather than cause other health problems such as eye complications, heart diseases, arthritis, and Inflammatory pelvic diseases. If not treated, certain treatable STDs may be deadly. Chlamydia and gonorrhea, for example, may make it difficult or even impossible for a woman to get pregnant if left untreated. If you have an untreated STD, you increase your chances of HIV Infection. If left untreated, certain STDs, such as HIV, may be dangerous for the liver.

Complications of sexually transmitted diseases

Untreated sexually transmitted infections (STIs) may develop into chronic infections, leading to a lengthy medical recovery and psychological, financial, and general health issues. Complications of STIs are caused by infections that have been partly or wholly cured. Due to a lack of access to healthcare, poor communities experience an increase in undiagnosed and untreated STIs. If resources are not given to the public sector, such as planned parenthood, an increase in difficulties may be observed. These resources are required to teach individuals about safe sex practices, including prevention, treatment, and health promotion. If left untreated, STIs may cause a broad range of problems. Females are more likely to develop a systemic infection from untreated PID and sterility and infertility from complex gonorrhea/chlamydial infections. If a woman is positive for certain STIs while pregnant, she has a greater risk of premature labor. Certain HPV strain types may cause neoplasm in both men and females. If HIV infections are not managed appropriately, they may lead to AIDS, which is a deadly late consequence of the virus caused by a highly immunocompromised state.

Complications of sexually transmitted diseases

People suffering from sexually transmitted diseases may have to experience the following complicated effects due to which sexually transmitted diseases are considered dangerous.

i. Pelvic Inflammatory disease

Sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea and Chlamydia may cause Pelvic Inflammatory illness in women. Severe lower belly pain and pelvic pain are the symptoms of it.

ii. Pregnancy complications

Untreated sexually transmitted diseases may lead to pregnancy complications such as premature birth, premature rupture of the membranes, low birth weight of the fetus, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, postpartum endometritis, and various sequelae in surviving neonates.

iii. Arthritis

Gonococcal arthritis is a rare complication of the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea. It caused joint pain and inflammation, resulting in joint pain and stiffness.

iv. Heart disease

Chlamydia infection is closely linked with heart complications. Chlamydia employs a sneaky tactic known as “molecular mimicry” that triggers an autoimmune response in the victim and eventually leads to inflammation of the heart.

v. Eye inflammation

Chlamydia and gonorrhea are significant causes of eye inflammation diseases. The infection gets into the eyes directly as semen fluid or indirectly when the victim rubs the eyes after touching the genitals.

Sexually transmitted diseases affect the fetus

A sexually transmitted disease during pregnancy may be dangerous to both your and your baby’s health. Consequently, all pregnant women are routinely screened for STIs such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, Chlamydia, and syphilis during their first prenatal appointment.

Other effects of an STI on your baby can include:

• Eye infection
• Pneumonia
• Blood infection
• Brain damage
• Blindness
• Deafness
• Chronic liver disease

Sexually transmitted infectious pathogens, particularly in women, produce a broad range of short-, medium-, and long-term problems. Infection with these agents can cause sterility, infertility, genital neoplasia, pre-term delivery, and fetal/neonatal pathologies. The agents most typically associated with these complications are Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, anaerobic bacteria, Ureaplasma unrealistic, Gardnerella vaginalis, and human papilloma. This article discusses various processes that induce harm to the genital and reproductive organs, emphasizing those systems that produce damage due to a delayed autoimmune response.